Method of producing compound felted and textile fabrics



(ModeL) I J. OFFERMANN 821T. JEGLER.

METHOD OF PRODUCING COMPOUND FELTEDAND TEXTILE FABRIU- No. 288,726.Patented Nov. 20, 1883.

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UNITED STATES J OHANN 'OFFERMANN AND THEODOR JEGLER, OF MUNICH,

GERMANY.

PATENT OFFICE.

BAVARIA,

METHOD OF PRODUCING COMPOUND FELTEDpAND TEXTILE FABRICS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 288,726, dated November20, 1883.

Application filed January 27, 1883.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, J OHANN OFFERMANN and Tnnonon JEGLER, both of thecity of Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria, German Empire, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Methods of Producing Oompound Felted andTextile Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to an improved method of combining a layeror layers of or with each other byfirst subjecting the textile fabric tothe action of steam of suitable pressure, then bringing. them in contactwith the layer of felt, and then passing the fabrics between pressingand fulling rollsuntil the proper interfelting of the fabrics has takenplace.

It consists, further, of textile fabrics in a which the warp-threads ofone fabric cross those of the other fabric, united thereto at an angleof forty-five degrees, whereby the combined fabric has diagonallyintersecting threads, and consequently increased strength anddurability.

To illustrate our improved method of combining textile fabrics with eachother or with y a layer of felt, the accompanying drawings and thenpassed continuously, from one to four (Model.)

This has the twofold purpose, first, to moisten the fabric sufficientlyfor the'following operations; and, secondly, to impart to the finefibers on the surface of the fabric an erect po sition, so that they canbe more intimately united with the fibers of the felt. The surface ofthe textile fabrics employed is preferably carded for this purpose, sothat the adhesion of the layer of felt is augmented. After the textilefabric has been exposed to the action of steam, it is wound upon a roll,A, while the felt to be united thereto is placed upon a second roll, B.Both layers are passed between two pressure-rolls, O O, and therebypressed firmly together. The layers are then passed through a bath inwhich good neutral or alkaline soap, from one to four pounds, more orless, has been dissolved in about twenty-five gallons of water. Thissolution is placed 111 an open vessel, D, within which are located 70the guide-rolls a a a. The surplus solution taken up by the layers isremoved by the rolls E E, which are arranged near the opposlte end ofthe vessel D, the layers being then oonducted to the drawing-rolls F F.When the entire length of the layers to be united has been passedthrough the solution in the vessel D and through the pressure-rolls E E,the extreme ends of the same are united by basting.

hours, through between the fullingrolls F F and over the guide-rolls b12, whereby an intimate union of the fabric with the felt takes place.The compound fabric thus obtained is then worked up by a commonfulling-mill, and washedand stretched on frames, and finally finishedand dried as required.

The compound fabric can also be produced, but with less advantage, on awadding-frame or on a cross-frame of any well-known construction. Forthis purpose the woolen felt is conducted from the carding-machine on anendless apron, and the carding machine stopped when sufficient materialhas been accumulated on the apron, The fabric is then placed on thefleece. If a cross-frame is employed, one of the two crossed felts isreplaced by the textile fabric and the same crossed with thefelt-fleece. In both cases the compound fabric is finally completed byinterfelting, full-.

2 wen 2c ing, and finishing. All compound fabrics produced in thismanner show as their characteristic features a textile fabric on oneside and felt on the other side, so that they retain all the features oftextile fabrics, while the felt serves to increase or re-enforce thethickness and body of the same.

The main feature of the method described consists in the fact that theunion of the felt with the textile fabric takes place without anyadhesive substance, and simply for the reason that the fine fibers whichproject from the sur face of the textile fabrics are interlocked withthe fibers of the felt in so intimate a manner that they can only beseparated by the use of considerable force. WVhen looser-woven, knit, orother fabrics are united with felt, they are finally so intimatelyconnected therewith that the fibers of the felt penetrate through thetextile fabric, so that a compound fabric results, which unites theproperties of woven fabrics and of felt.

The compound fabric may also be made of two layers of fabric and anintermediate layer of felt, in which case the layer of felt forms theintermediate or uniting link.

It is not absolutely necessary to employ felt of pure wool, as all feltswhich are now manufactured, and which consist of a mixture of wool withvegetable or animal fibers of less value, can be employed.

By the method described it is also possible to unite woven fabrics,whether smooth or made in certain patterns, directly and without the useof adhesive substances, as the projecting fibers of the same unitethemselves thereby so intimately that the separation of the same cannottake place.

It is a well-known fact that all textile fabrics, in most cases, tear inthe direction of the warp or weft threads, but not in a diagonaldirection. This fact can be made use of in uniting two layers of textilefabrics and obtaining thereby a compound fabric which cannot be torn inany direction, whereby greater durability of the garments made therefromis the result. For this purpose the two textile fabrics, as shown in thediagram -in Fig. 2, are united by felting them together in such a mannerthat the warp-threads of one fabric intersect the warp-threads of theother fabric at an angle of about forty-five degrees, so that thecompound fabric obtained thereby shows diagonally intercrossing threadsin all directions,

and has thereby greater resistance against wear and tear.

It is obvious that a compound fabric formed of twodiagonally-intersecting layers which are directly felted together may ateither side thereof be furthermore re-enforced by a layer of felt, whichis united therewith in the same manner and at the same operation.

Having thus described our invention, We claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent 1. A compound fabric consisting of a layer ofwoven fabric composed wholly or in part of feltable material and a layerof felted fabric, said layers being felted together, substantially asdescribed.

2. A fabric consisting of two or more woven layers composed wholly or inpart of feltable material, said layers being united by interfelting oftheir adjacent surfaces, substantially as described.

3. A compound fabric consisting of two or more woven layers,- each layerbeing composed wholly or in part of feltable material,

the surface fibers of said layers being united by interfelting of theiradjacent surfaces, the warp-threads of one layer crossing thewarpthreads of the adjacent layer, substantially as described.

4. The method of producing a compound fabric, which consists in firstsubjecting a sheet of woven fabric composed wholly or in part offeltable material to the action of steam, then pressing a sheet offelted fabric in contact therewith, and then subjecting the said sheetsto a fulling operation, substantially" as de scribed.

5. The method of producing a compound fabric, which consists in firstsubjecting two or more sheets of woven fabric composed wholly or in partof feltable material to the action of steam, then pressing said sheetstogether, and then subjecting the united sheets to a fulling operation,substantially as described.

In tcstimony that we claim the foregoing as our invention we have signedour names in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHANN OFFERMANN. THEODOR J EGLER.

\Vitnesses:

J os. \V. HARPER, EMIL HENZEL.

